Unit 2: Biology Test

Front

What is the process by which oxygen is released during photosynthesis?

Back

Oxygen is released as a direct by-product of splitting water molecules.

Front

Define Autotroph and Heterotroph.

Back

An Autotroph can make its own food, while a Heterotroph cannot make its own food.

Front

How does the electron transport chain facilitate ATP synthesis?

Back

ATP is synthesized by protons flowing down their concentration gradient after being pumped out by the electron transport chain.

Front

Which substance cannot cross the cell membrane on its own without a transport protein?

Back

Glucose cannot cross the cell membrane on its own without the assistance of a transport protein.

Front

From which process does most NADH that delivers electrons to the electron transport chain come?

Back

Most NADH comes from the citric acid cycle.

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.

Front

What role does NADP+ play in photosynthesis?

Back

NADP+ acts as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during the light reactions of photosynthesis.

Front

What is chemiosmosis?

Back

Chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a selectively permeable membrane, down their electrochemical gradient, which is used to generate ATP.

Front

What is the function of ATP synthase?

Back

ATP synthase is an enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate during chemiosmosis.

Front

What is the citric acid cycle?

Back

The citric acid cycle is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA.