DNA and DNA TESTING/ Profiling

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What is CODIS?

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CODIS (Combined DNA Index System) is a database used for storing DNA profiles, primarily for forensic purposes.

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What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis in DNA fingerprinting?

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To separate DNA fragments containing short tandem repeats (STRs) based on their size.

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What are short tandem repeats (STRs)?

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STRs are repeating sequences of DNA that are used as unique identifiers for individuals in DNA profiling.

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Who discovered DNA fingerprinting and in which year?

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Alec Jeffries discovered DNA fingerprinting in 1985.

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What is the role of restriction enzymes in DNA analysis?

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Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing for the analysis of DNA fragments.

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What is DNA profiling?

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DNA profiling is a technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA characteristics.

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What is the significance of DNA evidence in forensic science?

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DNA evidence can provide strong support for identifying suspects and linking them to crime scenes.

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What is the difference between nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA?

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Nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents and contains the majority of genetic information, while mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother and is used for maternal lineage tracing.

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What is the function of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in DNA testing?

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PCR is used to amplify small segments of DNA, making it easier to analyze.

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What does the term 'DNA fingerprinting' refer to?

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DNA fingerprinting refers to the process of analyzing unique patterns in an individual's DNA to identify them.