Reasoning - Abductive, Deductive, Inductive

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What is deductive reasoning?

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Deductive reasoning is a logical process where a conclusion is drawn from a set of premises that are generally assumed to be true. If the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true.

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Example of deductive reasoning.

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All mammals have hearts. A dog is a mammal. Therefore, a dog has a heart.

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What is inductive reasoning?

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Inductive reasoning involves making generalizations based on specific observations or examples. It allows for the possibility that the conclusion may not be true.

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Example of inductive reasoning.

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The sun has risen in the east every day so far. Therefore, the sun will rise in the east tomorrow.

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What is abductive reasoning?

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Abductive reasoning is a form of logical inference that starts with an observation or set of observations and seeks the simplest and most likely explanation.

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Example of abductive reasoning.

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The grass is wet. It probably rained last night.

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What is a premise in deductive reasoning?

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A premise is a statement or proposition that provides the foundation for a conclusion in deductive reasoning.

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What is a conclusion in reasoning?

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A conclusion is the statement that follows logically from the premises in deductive reasoning or the generalization made in inductive reasoning.

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How does deductive reasoning differ from inductive reasoning?

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Deductive reasoning guarantees the truth of the conclusion if the premises are true, while inductive reasoning allows for the conclusion to be probable but not guaranteed.

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What is a syllogism?

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A syllogism is a form of deductive reasoning that consists of two premises followed by a conclusion.