Heat & Heat Transfer

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What is convection?

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Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) where warmer areas rise and cooler areas sink, creating a circular motion known as a convection current.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

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What is conduction?

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Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials. It occurs when objects are touching, allowing heat to flow from the warmer object to the cooler one.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

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What is radiation?

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Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves. It can be felt without direct contact, such as the heat from the sun or a fire.

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How does heat transfer occur between warmer and cooler areas?

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Heat is transferred from warmer areas to cooler areas until thermal equilibrium is reached.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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Give an example of conduction in everyday life.

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Cooking a pancake on a griddle is an example of conduction, as heat is transferred directly from the griddle to the pancake.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

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Give an example of convection in everyday life.

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Boiling water is an example of convection, where hot water rises to the top and cooler water sinks, creating a circular motion.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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Give an example of radiation in everyday life.

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Feeling the warmth of the sun on your skin is an example of radiation, as heat is transferred through electromagnetic waves.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

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What is the main difference between conduction and convection?

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Conduction occurs through direct contact between materials, while convection involves the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) to transfer heat.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

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What is thermal equilibrium?

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Thermal equilibrium is the state reached when two objects in contact have the same temperature, resulting in no net heat transfer between them.

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What role does temperature play in heat transfer?

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Temperature differences drive heat transfer; heat flows from areas of higher temperature to areas of lower temperature.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4