AP Physics Unit 2 review "flashcard"

Front

What is the relationship between applied force (P), frictional force (f), and normal force (N) when an object is moving at constant speed on a rough surface?

Back

When an object is moving at constant speed, the applied force (P) must be greater than the frictional force (f), and the normal force (N) is less than the weight (W) of the object. Thus, P > f and N < W.

Front

How does centripetal force change when the velocity of an object is tripled?

Back

If the velocity of an object is tripled, the centripetal force increases to 9 times its original value, as centripetal force is proportional to the square of the velocity.

Front

What forces act on an object in circular motion at the top of its path?

Back

At the top of its path, the forces acting on an object in circular motion include gravitational force acting downward and tension in the string acting downward. The net force is the centripetal force required to keep the object in circular motion.

Front

What is the formula for the normal force (N) acting on a block being pulled at an angle θ with a force F?

Back

The normal force (N) can be calculated using the formula: N = W - Fsin(θ), where W is the weight of the block.

Front

What is a free-body diagram and its purpose in physics?

Back

A free-body diagram is a graphical representation used to visualize the forces acting on an object. It helps in analyzing the forces and understanding the motion of the object.

Front

Define frictional force and its types.

Back

Frictional force is the force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces in contact. The two main types are static friction (preventing motion) and kinetic friction (opposing motion).

Front

What is the principle of conservation of energy in physics?

Back

The principle of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. The total energy in a closed system remains constant.

Front

Explain Newton's first law of motion.

Back

Newton's first law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion with the same speed and direction unless acted upon by a net external force.

Front

What is the formula for calculating centripetal force?

Back

Centripetal force (Fc) can be calculated using the formula: Fc = (mv^2)/r, where m is the mass, v is the velocity, and r is the radius of the circular path.

Front

Define weight and its relation to mass and gravity.

Back

Weight (W) is the force exerted by gravity on an object and is calculated as W = mg, where m is the mass of the object and g is the acceleration due to gravity.