Mod 11 Review

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Mutation

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The changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form.

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Duplication

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A type of chromosomal mutation that produces an extra copy of all or part of the chromosome.

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Translocation

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A type of chromosomal mutation when part of the chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.

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Deletion - Frameshift

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An example of a mutation where a segment of DNA is lost, causing a shift in the reading frame.

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Transcription

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The process to go from DNA to mRNA.

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Chromosomal Mutation

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A change in the structure or number of chromosomes, which can lead to genetic diversity.

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Gene

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A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein.

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Frameshift Mutation

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A mutation that occurs when nucleotides are added or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

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Substitution Mutation

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A mutation where one base pair is replaced by another, potentially altering the protein produced.

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Inversion Mutation

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A chromosomal mutation where a segment of a chromosome is reversed end to end.