What is a gene?
Genes and Alleles

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•
Biology
•
9th - 12th Grade
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Back
A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or set of proteins, which determine traits in an organism.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is an allele?
Back
An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits. For example, the gene for flower color in pea plants has alleles for purple and white.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does homozygous mean?
Back
Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as PP or pp.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does heterozygous mean?
Back
Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Pp.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Back
Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism (the alleles it carries), while phenotype is the observable expression of that genetic makeup (the traits displayed).
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a dominant allele?
Back
A dominant allele is one that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype (e.g., P in Pp).
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a recessive allele?
Back
A recessive allele is one that only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype (e.g., pp).
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