CH 14: RNA and Protein Synthesis

Front

Type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a type of RNA that forms the core of ribosome's structure and catalyzes protein synthesis.

Front

You use the codon chart to find the correct _______ .

Back

Amino acid. The codon chart translates mRNA sequences into the corresponding amino acids.

Front

True or False: This is rRNA

Back

False. rRNA is specifically ribosomal RNA, which is not the same as other types of RNA.

Front

In RNA, A pairs with

Back

U (Uracil). In RNA, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U) instead of thymine (T) as in DNA.

Front

Why is protein synthesis important?

Back

All the above. Protein synthesis is crucial for making hormones, enzymes, and muscle, and for overall body function.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What are the three types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

Back

The three types of RNA are mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the coded mRNA sequence.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of protein synthesis and codes for the amino acid methionine.