Hypothesis Testing Concepts

Front

What is a null hypothesis?

Back

The null hypothesis (H0) is a statement that there is no effect or no difference, and it serves as the default assumption in hypothesis testing.

Front

What is an alternative hypothesis?

Back

The alternative hypothesis (H1) is a statement that indicates the presence of an effect or a difference, opposing the null hypothesis.

Front

Can the null and alternative hypothesis be the same?

Back

No, the null and alternative hypotheses must be distinct; they represent opposing statements.

Front

What does it mean if a sample mean is in the critical region?

Back

If a sample mean is in the critical region, it suggests that the null hypothesis can be rejected at the specified alpha level.

Front

What is the significance level (alpha) in hypothesis testing?

Back

The significance level (alpha) is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true, commonly set at 0.05 or 0.01.

Front

If a sample mean is in the critical region at alpha = 0.05, will it always be in the critical region at alpha = 0.01?

Back

False; a sample mean in the critical region at a higher alpha level may not be in the critical region at a lower alpha level.

Front

How do you state the null and alternative hypotheses for 'Less than 4% of high school students take Statistics'?

Back

H0: p = 0.04; H1: p < 0.04.

Front

If a sample mean is in the critical region at alpha = 0.01, will it always be in the critical region at alpha = 0.05?

Back

True; a sample mean in the critical region at a lower alpha level will also be in the critical region at a higher alpha level.

Front

What are the null and alternative hypotheses for the average weight of a 6th grade student's backpack being 18.4 lbs?

Back

H0: μ = 18.4; H1: μ ≠ 18.4.

Front

What is a Type I error in hypothesis testing?

Back

A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected when it is actually true.