PS.6 States and Forms of Energy

Gravitational potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field, typically relative to the ground. It is calculated as PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

The cyclist has the least gravitational potential energy at the lowest point of the track.

As an object rises, its kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy.

The rock acquires the greatest potential energy at the highest point.

Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

A pendulum eventually slows and stops due to friction, which dissipates energy as heat.

The skier at a higher elevation has greater potential energy.

Potential energy increases with height; the higher an object is, the more potential energy it has.

The principle of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Friction converts kinetic energy into thermal energy, causing a loss of mechanical energy in a system.