DNA and DNA replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, resulting in two DNA molecules, each containing one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

What forms the backbone of the DNA ladder?

Back

The backbone of the DNA ladder is formed by deoxyribose sugar and phosphate.

Front

What determines the genetic code in DNA?

Back

The genetic code in DNA is determined by the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of DNA, consisting of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.

Front

What is the complementary base pair for adenine (A) in DNA?

Back

The complementary base pair for adenine (A) in DNA is thymine (T).

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is an enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA during replication.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What are the four nitrogen bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogen bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

How do DNA strands run in relation to each other?

Back

DNA strands run in an antiparallel fashion, meaning one strand runs in the 5' to 3' direction while the other runs in the 3' to 5' direction.