Chemistry Flashcard 4.3: Trends in the Periodic Table

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

Front

Why is Fluorine more electronegative than Chlorine?

Back

Fluorine has less energy levels, which allows it to attract electrons more effectively.

Front

What happens to atomic size as you move down the periodic table?

Back

Atomic size increases because atoms have more energy levels.

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gaseous state.

Front

How does ionization energy change across a period?

Back

Ionization energy increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.

Front

How does ionization energy change down a group?

Back

Ionization energy decreases down a group due to increased distance between the nucleus and the outermost electrons.

Front

What occurs when an atom gains an electron?

Back

The size of the atom increases, resulting in the formation of an anion.

Front

Which element experiences the greatest energy loss when gaining an electron?

Back

Chlorine experiences the greatest energy loss when gaining an electron.

Front

What is the trend in atomic radius across a period?

Back

The atomic radius decreases across a period due to increased nuclear charge pulling electrons closer.

Front

What is the trend in atomic radius down a group?

Back

The atomic radius increases down a group due to the addition of energy levels.