Protein Synthesis and Mutations Review

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase in protein synthesis?

Back

RNA polymerase will unzip the DNA strand and transcribe an mRNA strand.

Front

What base is found only in RNA?

Back

Uracil.

Front

What is an anti-codon, and what RNA type has anti-codons?

Back

An anti-codon is the complementary bases to a codon of mRNA. This occurs in tRNA.

Front

Where in the cell does translation occur?

Back

In the ribosome.

Front

How many chromosomes do humans have?

Back

46.

Front

What is the function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains thymine, while RNA contains uracil; DNA is double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotide bases in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of protein synthesis.

Front

What are mutations?

Back

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can affect protein synthesis.