Mutations and Protein Synthesis

Front

What is the flow of genetic information in an organism?

Back

DNA -> RNA -> protein -> trait.

Front

How is the DNA sequence GCTATA transcribed to mRNA?

Back

CGAUAU.

Front

What does a mutation represent in genetics?

Back

A change in the DNA sequence.

Front

What type of mutation occurs when one base is replaced by another?

Back

Substitution.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is translation in protein synthesis?

Back

The process of decoding mRNA to form a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

It signals the beginning of protein synthesis (AUG).