Protein Synthesis

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

A single strand of nucleotides coded by DNA that travels to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm to give instructions for building proteins.

Front

What does the Central Dogma of molecular biology state?

Back

DNA makes RNA, and RNA makes proteins, which are essential for life.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process where double-stranded DNA is unzipped, and one strand is used as a template to form Messenger RNA.

Front

What is a Codon Chart?

Back

A chart that shows the relationship between codons and the amino acids they code for.

Front

What is RNA Polymerase?

Back

The enzyme that synthesizes mRNA from DNA instructions.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

The process where the ribosome reads mRNA and assembles amino acids into a polypeptide chain to form a protein.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

The building blocks of proteins, which are linked together in a specific sequence to form a protein.