Flashcard 2 -Bonds and Chemistry

Front

What type of bond do oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen usually form?

Back

Covalent bond: A type of chemical bond where two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.

Front

Why does ice float on water?

Back

Ice floats on water because it is less dense due to hydrogen bonding between adjacent water molecules.

Front

What happens during the formation of an ionic bond?

Back

An atom must give up one or more electrons, resulting in the formation of cations and anions.

Front

What do the two lines at the end of a chemical arrow represent?

Back

Double covalent bond: Indicates that two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.

Front

What charge does each hydrogen atom have in a water molecule?

Back

Partial positive charge: Each hydrogen atom in a water molecule carries a partial positive charge due to the electronegativity of oxygen.

Front

Define ionic bond.

Back

Ionic bond: A type of chemical bond formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Front

What is a hydrogen bond?

Back

Hydrogen bond: A weak bond between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom, often seen in water molecules.

Front

Explain the difference between covalent and ionic bonds.

Back

Covalent bonds involve sharing electrons, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Front

What is the significance of electronegativity in bond formation?

Back

Electronegativity determines how strongly an atom attracts electrons, influencing whether a bond will be ionic or covalent.

Front

What is a polar covalent bond?

Back

Polar covalent bond: A type of covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally, resulting in partial charges.