Fall Midterm Review (OnRamps Biology)

Front

What property of water allows for insects to stand on water?

Back

Adhesion & cohesion: These properties allow water molecules to stick to each other and to other surfaces, creating surface tension.

Front

Which bond does carbon mostly form?

Back

Covalent bond: Carbon primarily forms covalent bonds by sharing electrons with other atoms.

Front

Which macromolecule(s) have sulfur?

Back

Proteins: Sulfur is a key component of certain amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.

Front

What is the independent variable in an experiment studying the effect of temperature on bacterial growth?

Back

Temperature: The independent variable is the factor that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment.

Front

What is the process of an endergonic reaction being fueled by an exergonic reaction called?

Back

Energy coupling: This process allows cells to use energy released from exergonic reactions to drive endergonic reactions.

Front

Define capillary action.

Back

Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of external forces, often due to adhesion and cohesion.

Front

What is a hydrogen bond?

Back

A hydrogen bond is a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Back

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids: These are the essential macromolecules that make up living organisms.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is the difference between an exergonic and an endergonic reaction?

Back

Exergonic reactions release energy, while endergonic reactions require energy input.