Defining and non-defining clauses

Front

What is a defining clause?

Back

A defining clause is a type of relative clause that provides essential information about the noun it modifies. It is necessary for understanding which specific person or thing is being referred to.

Front

What is a non-defining clause?

Back

A non-defining clause is a type of relative clause that adds extra information about a noun but is not essential to the meaning of the sentence. It is usually set off by commas.

Front

Example of a defining clause in a sentence.

Back

The girl who won the race is my sister.

Front

Example of a non-defining clause in a sentence.

Back

My sister, who won the race, is very proud.

Front

What is the function of 'who' in a relative clause?

Back

'Who' is used to refer to people in relative clauses, providing more information about the subject.

Front

What is the function of 'that' in a relative clause?

Back

'That' can refer to people or things in defining clauses, providing essential information.

Front

What punctuation is used with non-defining clauses?

Back

Non-defining clauses are set off by commas.

Front

Can a defining clause stand alone as a complete sentence?

Back

No, a defining clause cannot stand alone; it must be part of a larger sentence.

Front

Can a non-defining clause stand alone as a complete sentence?

Back

Yes, a non-defining clause can stand alone as it adds extra information but is not essential.

Front

What is the difference between 'who' and 'whom'?

Back

'Who' is used as a subject, while 'whom' is used as an object in a sentence.