Sampling Methods a

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What is a cluster sample?

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A sampling method where the population is divided into groups (clusters), and a random sample of these clusters is selected. All individuals within the chosen clusters are then measured.

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What is a matched pairs experiment?

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An experimental design where subjects are paired based on a certain characteristic, and each pair is assigned to different treatments. This helps control for variability between subjects.

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What is a completely randomized experiment?

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An experimental design where subjects are randomly assigned to different treatment groups without any restrictions or pairing.

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What is bias in sampling?

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Any difference between the sample result and the truth about the population that tends to occur in the same direction whenever you use this sampling method.

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What is a simple random sample (SRS)?

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A sampling method where every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

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What is a stratified sample?

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A sampling method where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) that share similar characteristics, and random samples are taken from each stratum.

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What is a convenience sample?

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A sampling method where individuals are selected based on their easy availability and proximity to the researcher.

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What is the purpose of randomization in experiments?

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To eliminate bias and ensure that the treatment groups are comparable by randomly assigning subjects to different groups.

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What is the difference between observational studies and experiments?

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Observational studies involve observing subjects without manipulation, while experiments involve actively applying treatments to observe effects.

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What is a block design in experiments?

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An experimental design where subjects are divided into blocks based on a certain characteristic, and treatments are randomly assigned within each block.