Intermolecular forces Practice

Front

What are intermolecular forces?

Back

Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (molecules, atoms, or ions). They play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances.

Front

What is the strongest type of intermolecular force?

Back

Hydrogen bonding is the strongest type of intermolecular force, occurring between molecules that have hydrogen atoms bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

Front

What is the relationship between intermolecular forces and boiling point?

Back

The stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the boiling point of a substance, as more energy is required to overcome these forces.

Front

What are dipole-dipole attractions?

Back

Dipole-dipole attractions are intermolecular forces that occur between polar molecules, where the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another.

Front

What is a polar molecule?

Back

A polar molecule is a molecule that has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds, resulting in a positive and a negative end.

Front

What are London dispersion forces?

Back

London dispersion forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles in molecules, occurring in all molecules, whether polar or nonpolar.

Front

How do hydrogen bonds affect the properties of water?

Back

Hydrogen bonds give water its high boiling and melting points, surface tension, and ability to dissolve many substances, making it a unique solvent.

Front

What is the effect of temperature on intermolecular forces?

Back

As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of molecules increases, which can weaken intermolecular forces and lead to phase changes, such as melting or boiling.

Front

What is the significance of acetone in removing non-water soluble substances?

Back

Acetone is a polar aprotic solvent that can dissolve non-water soluble substances like Sharpie markers due to its ability to disrupt intermolecular forces.

Front

What is the role of electronegativity in determining polarity?

Back

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons. A significant difference in electronegativity between bonded atoms leads to polar covalent bonds, resulting in a polar molecule.