Genetics Flashcard

Front

What enzyme catalyzes RNA synthesis by prying the DNA strands apart and joining together the RNA nucleotides?

Back

RNA polymerase

Front

What is the role of the TATA box in eukaryotes?

Back

It forms the transcription initiation complex.

Front

What is the relationship between RNA and the DNA template strand?

Back

Complementary.

Front

In which cellular structure does tRNA transfer amino acids to the growing polypeptide?

Back

Ribosome.

Front

Who built models of a double helix?

Back

Watson and Crick.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

It synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a growing chain.

Front

What is the significance of the promoter region in gene expression?

Back

It is the site where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription.

Front

What are introns and exons?

Back

Introns are non-coding regions of a gene, while exons are coding regions that are expressed.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

DNA -> RNA -> Protein.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes facilitate the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain.