Correlation & Residuals

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What is correlation in statistics?

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Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables change together. A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other also tends to increase, while a negative correlation means that as one variable increases, the other tends to decrease.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.C.9

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What does a scatter plot represent?

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A scatter plot is a graphical representation of two variables, showing the relationship between them. Each point on the plot represents an observation, with one variable plotted along the x-axis and the other along the y-axis.

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What is a positive correlation?

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A positive correlation occurs when two variables move in the same direction. For example, if the number of hours studied increases, the test scores may also increase.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.B.5

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What is a negative correlation?

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A negative correlation occurs when two variables move in opposite directions. For example, as the temperature decreases, the amount of heating used may increase.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.B.5

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What is a correlation coefficient?

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The correlation coefficient is a numerical value that ranges from -1 to 1, indicating the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables. A value close to 1 indicates a strong positive correlation, while a value close to -1 indicates a strong negative correlation.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.C.8

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What is a line of best fit?

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A line of best fit is a straight line that best represents the data on a scatter plot. It is used to predict values and shows the trend of the data.

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CCSS.8.EE.B.5

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What does it mean if a scatter plot has no correlation?

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If a scatter plot shows no correlation, it means there is no discernible relationship between the two variables. The points are scattered randomly without any clear pattern.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.B.5

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What is a box-and-whisker plot?

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A box-and-whisker plot is a graphical representation of data that shows the distribution, median, quartiles, and potential outliers. It provides a visual summary of the data set.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.A.1

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What does Q1 represent in a box-and-whisker plot?

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Q1, or the first quartile, represents the median of the lower half of the data set. It is the value below which 25% of the data falls.

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CCSS.6.SP.B.4

CCSS.HSS.ID.A.1

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What does Q3 represent in a box-and-whisker plot?

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Q3, or the third quartile, represents the median of the upper half of the data set. It is the value below which 75% of the data falls.

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CCSS.6.SP.B.4

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