Unit 2 Exam Review

Front

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Back

Active transport involves moving solutes against the concentration gradient using ATP, while passive transport involves moving solutes with the concentration gradient without the use of ATP.

Front

What organelle is responsible for storing calcium?

Back

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER) is responsible for storing calcium.

Front

What is the purpose of a dialysis bag experiment with starch and glucose?

Back

The experiment aims to understand how molecular size affects movement through a membrane.

Front

How do free and bound ribosomes differ in protein synthesis?

Back

Free ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins, while bound ribosomes synthesize membrane proteins.

Front

What process do bacteria undergo when they are engulfed?

Back

Bacteria are engulfed by phagocytosis.

Front

Define passive transport.

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, moving along the concentration gradient.

Front

Define active transport.

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP.

Front

What is the role of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Back

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA.

Front

What is phagocytosis?

Back

Phagocytosis is the process by which a cell engulfs large particles or microorganisms.