Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Front

How do valence electrons affect chemical reactions?

Back

Valence electrons play a key role in chemical reactions; their number influences how atoms bond with each other.

Front

What happens to the number of valence electrons as you move from left to right across the periodic table?

Back

The number of valence electrons increases from left to right across the periodic table.

Front

How can you predict the charge on an ion based on valence electrons?

Back

Determine whether the atom will lose or gain electrons. Losing electrons results in a + ion, while gaining electrons results in a - ion.

Front

In which group of the periodic table is Sodium (Na) found?

Back

Sodium (Na) is found in group 1.

Front

What is the charge of a metal cation that loses one electron?

Back

The charge of a metal cation that loses one electron is +1.

Front

Which halogen is located in period 4 of the periodic table?

Back

Bromine (Br) is the halogen found in period 4.

Front

What is the general trend of electronegativity in the periodic table?

Back

Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group.

Front

What is the significance of the periodic law?

Back

The periodic law states that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers.

Front

What are the main categories of elements in the periodic table?

Back

The main categories are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.