Cell Organelles and Functions

Front

What is the function of the mitochondrion in a cell?

Back

The mitochondrion is known as the powerhouse of the cell, as it produces ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell.

Front

What is ATP and why is it important for cells?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a molecule that carries energy within cells. It is essential for various cellular processes, including muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and biosynthesis.

Front

What role do chloroplasts play in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Front

What is the primary function of the vacuole in plant cells?

Back

The vacuole stores nutrients, waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

Front

What is the cytoplasm and what is its role in the cell?

Back

The cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site for many metabolic reactions.

Front

How do mitochondria and chloroplasts differ in their functions?

Back

Mitochondria generate energy through cellular respiration, while chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Front

What is the cell membrane and what is its function?

Back

The cell membrane is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What is the nucleus and what role does it play in the cell?

Back

The nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA) and regulating gene expression.

Front

What are ribosomes and what is their function?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins.

Front

What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and what are its two types?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis. The two types are rough ER (with ribosomes) and smooth ER (without ribosomes).