Igneous Geology

Front

What is igneous rock?

Back

Igneous rock is formed from the solidification of molten rock material (magma or lava).

Front

What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

Back

Intrusive igneous rocks crystallize below the Earth's surface, while extrusive igneous rocks crystallize at or above the surface.

Front

What is viscosity in the context of magma?

Back

Viscosity refers to the resistance of a fluid to flow. Low viscosity magma flows easily, while high viscosity magma is thick and flows slowly.

Front

What type of crystals do quickly cooled igneous rocks have?

Back

Quickly cooled igneous rocks typically have small crystals due to rapid solidification.

Front

What is the light/dark rule in igneous rocks?

Back

The light/dark rule refers to the color of minerals in igneous rocks, where light-colored rocks are typically felsic and dark-colored rocks are mafic.

Front

What are mafic rocks?

Back

Mafic rocks are igneous rocks that are rich in magnesium and iron, typically dark in color.

Front

What are felsic rocks?

Back

Felsic rocks are igneous rocks that are rich in silica and aluminum, typically light in color.

Front

What is the significance of crystal size in igneous rocks?

Back

Crystal size indicates the cooling rate of the magma; larger crystals form from slower cooling.

Front

What is a volcanic eruption?

Back

A volcanic eruption is the release of magma, gas, and ash from a volcano, often resulting in the formation of extrusive igneous rocks.

Front

What is the role of temperature in the formation of igneous rocks?

Back

Temperature affects the melting of rocks and the viscosity of magma, influencing the type of igneous rock formed.