Mountain Building

Mountain building, also known as orogeny, is the process by which mountains are formed through tectonic forces, including the collision and movement of tectonic plates.

Normal fault.

Compression.

Folding is the bending of rocks due to stress caused by the movement of tectonic plates.

Faulting is the process that causes rocks to break due to stress.

A normal fault is a type of fault where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall, typically occurring in areas of tension.

A reverse fault is a type of fault where the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall, typically occurring in areas of compression.

A strike-slip fault is a type of fault where two blocks of rock slide past each other horizontally.

Tension is a stress that pulls rocks apart, while compression is a stress that pushes rocks together.

An anticline is a type of fold that is arch-like, where the oldest rocks are at the core of the fold.