Fall Final Review

Front

What is a nitrogenous base?

Back

A nitrogenous base is a molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base. It is a fundamental component of nucleotides, which make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.

Front

What macromolecule is primarily responsible for the structure and function of body tissues and organs?

Back

Protein is the macromolecule that makes up most aspects of the body, including bones, muscles, enzymes, and hair.

Front

What is the main difference between plant cells and animal cells regarding cell walls?

Back

Animal cells do not have cell walls, while plant cells do.

Front

What happens to energy when ATP molecules are broken down?

Back

When ATP molecules are broken down, energy is released.

Front

What does the S phase of interphase represent in the cell cycle?

Back

The S phase of interphase is the part of the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs.

Front

Define eukaryote.

Back

A eukaryote is an organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.

Front

What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules essential for life?

Back

The four main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in biological systems without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is the structure of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of three components: a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group.