DNA/Protein Synthesis/Mutations

Front

What is the function of DNA?

Back

DNA stores genetic information that is used to create proteins and regulate cellular activities.

Front

What is the shape of DNA?

Back

Double helix.

Front

What is RNA?

Back

RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a single-stranded molecule that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis.

Front

What is transcription in the context of DNA?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What are mutations?

Back

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that assembles amino acids into proteins based on the sequence of mRNA.

Front

What is an amino acid?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and there are 20 different types.

Front

What does the term 'genetic code' refer to?

Back

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in DNA or RNA sequences is translated into proteins.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon in translation?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of protein synthesis.