Flashcard #3 Protein Synthesis

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for a single amino acid.

Front

What molecule carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.

Front

What is the first step of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the first step of protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome.

Front

What is the process of assembling a protein from mRNA called?

Back

Translation is the process of assembling a protein from mRNA.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, assembling amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into mRNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides on tRNA that pairs with a complementary codon on mRNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, linked together by peptide bonds.