Exam 2 - Corso - Cell Cycle

Front

What molecule is needed to progress from one stage of the cell cycle to the next?

Back

Cyclin is a regulatory protein that controls the progression of cells through the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).

Front

What stage of the cell cycle involves the cell going through protein synthesis needed for DNA replication?

Back

G1 phase is the first stage of interphase where the cell grows and synthesizes proteins necessary for DNA replication.

Front

What is a mutation to a regulatory protein which causes it to have increased function?

Back

A Gain-of-Function Mutation is a type of mutation that results in a protein with enhanced or new functions, often leading to uncontrolled cell growth.

Front

If a cell undergoes programmed cell death, what type of cell death would occur?

Back

Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms, characterized by cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and DNA fragmentation.

Front

Which cyclin is needed for the movement from G1 to S phase?

Back

Cyclin E-CDK2 is required for the transition from the G1 phase to the S phase of the cell cycle, facilitating DNA synthesis.

Front

What is the role of cyclins in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which drive the cell through different phases.

Front

What is the difference between necrosis and apoptosis?

Back

Necrosis is uncontrolled cell death due to injury or disease, leading to inflammation, while apoptosis is a controlled process that eliminates cells without causing inflammation.

Front

What is the function of tumor suppressor proteins?

Back

Tumor suppressor proteins help regulate cell division and prevent uncontrolled growth, acting as a safeguard against cancer.

Front

What is the significance of the G2 phase in the cell cycle?

Back

The G2 phase is the second gap phase where the cell prepares for mitosis, ensuring all DNA is replicated and any damage is repaired.

Front

What is the role of p53 in the cell cycle?

Back

p53 is a tumor suppressor protein that regulates the cell cycle and prevents the proliferation of cells with damaged DNA.