Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, assembling amino acids into polypeptide chains.

Front

What happens during transcription?

Back

During transcription, the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between mRNA and tRNA?

Back

mRNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, while tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the significance of the stop codon?

Back

Stop codons signal the termination of protein synthesis, indicating that the polypeptide chain is complete.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes read mRNA codons and assemble corresponding amino acids into a polypeptide chain.