Genetic Engineering Flashcard

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What are restriction enzymes?

Back

Molecular scissors that 'cut' DNA at specific sequences, allowing for the manipulation of genetic material.

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What is a mutation?

Back

Any change or mistake in DNA replication that can lead to alterations in the genetic code.

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What is recombinant DNA?

Back

A molecule containing DNA from two different organisms, created through genetic engineering.

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How many chromosomes does a bison inherit maternally and paternally?

Back

Maternal: 30; Paternal: 30.

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What is selective breeding?

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A process where farmers choose the best plants or animals to reproduce, enhancing desired traits.

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What is genetic engineering?

Back

The direct manipulation of an organism's DNA to alter its characteristics.

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What is a plasmid?

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A small, circular piece of DNA found in bacteria that can replicate independently and is often used in genetic engineering.

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What is natural selection?

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The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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What is a hybrid organism?

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An organism that is the offspring of genetically different parents, often from different species.

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What role do genes play in heredity?

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Genes are units of heredity that carry information from parents to offspring, determining traits.