Igneous Rocks
Flashcard
•
Science
•
12th Grade
•
Practice Problem
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are igneous rocks?
Back
Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten rock material (magma or lava). They can be classified into two main types: intrusive (plutonic) and extrusive (volcanic).
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?
Back
Intrusive igneous rocks form below the Earth's surface from slowly cooled magma, resulting in larger crystals (e.g., granite). Extrusive igneous rocks form on the Earth's surface from rapidly cooled lava, resulting in smaller crystals (e.g., basalt).
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does grain size indicate about the formation environment of igneous rocks?
Back
Grain size indicates the cooling rate of the magma or lava. Larger grains (1-10 mm) suggest slower cooling below ground (intrusive), while smaller grains (<1 mm) suggest rapid cooling above ground (extrusive).
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is Bowen's Reaction Series?
Back
Bowen's Reaction Series is a conceptual model that illustrates the order of crystallization of minerals from cooling magma, showing how different minerals form at different temperatures.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the significance of the texture of igneous rocks?
Back
The texture of igneous rocks, such as glassy, coarse, or vesicular, provides information about the cooling history and environment of the rock.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does a glassy texture in igneous rocks indicate?
Back
A glassy texture indicates rapid cooling of lava, preventing the formation of crystals, resulting in a smooth, glass-like appearance (e.g., obsidian).
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a vesicular texture in igneous rocks?
Back
A vesicular texture is characterized by the presence of small gas bubbles trapped in the rock, indicating that the lava was foamy and gas-rich during solidification (e.g., pumice).
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