Front

What are restriction enzymes?

Back

Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing for the manipulation of genetic material.

Front

Where are restriction enzymes primarily isolated from?

Back

Restriction enzymes are primarily isolated from bacteria.

Front

What is the primary function of restriction enzymes in bacteria?

Back

The primary function of restriction enzymes in bacteria is to defend against bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria).

Front

What is a plasmid?

Back

A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that is separate from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently.

Front

Why must both a human gene and a plasmid be cut by the same restriction enzyme for gene insertion?

Back

They must be cut by the same restriction enzyme to create compatible ends that allow for the insertion of the gene into the plasmid.

Front

What is recombinant DNA?

Back

Recombinant DNA is DNA that has been artificially created by combining DNA from different organisms.

Front

What are sticky ends in DNA?

Back

Sticky ends are short, single-stranded overhangs at the ends of DNA fragments that can easily bond with complementary DNA strands.

Front

What was one of the goals of the Human Genome Project?

Back

One of the goals of the Human Genome Project was to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human genome.

Front

How do restriction enzymes recognize specific DNA sequences?

Back

Restriction enzymes recognize specific DNA sequences by binding to them and scanning for their target sequence.

Front

What is the significance of using restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?

Back

Restriction enzymes are significant in genetic engineering because they allow scientists to cut and paste DNA, facilitating the creation of genetically modified organisms.