Protein Synthesis Review

Front

What is the role of the ribosome in protein synthesis?

Back

The ribosome is the site where mRNA is translated into a protein by linking amino acids together.

Front

What is the Central Dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The Central Dogma describes the flow of genetic information: DNA makes RNA, and RNA makes proteins.

Front

What does the mRNA codon UAA code for?

Back

UAA is a stop codon, signaling the termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What is mRNA and its function?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is a single strand of nucleotides that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation to assemble proteins.

Front

Define transcription in the context of protein synthesis.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, linked together by peptide bonds.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of protein synthesis and codes for the amino acid methionine.