AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 3.1: Enzyme Structure

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Front

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?

Back

By decreasing the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

Where does the substrate bind on an enzyme?

Back

At the active site.

Front

What is the effect of an enzyme on ΔG (change in Gibbs free energy)?

Back

Enzymes do not affect ΔG; they only speed up the rate of the reaction.

Front

What happens to an enzyme when the substrate binds to it?

Back

The enzyme changes shape, which activates it.

Front

What type of macromolecule are enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are proteins.

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The specific region where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs.

Front

What is activation energy?

Back

The minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Front

What role do enzymes play in metabolic pathways?

Back

Enzymes facilitate and regulate the biochemical reactions in metabolic pathways.

Front

What factors can affect enzyme activity?

Back

Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators.