AP Biology Photosynthesis

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

Front

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

Back

The two main stages of photosynthesis are the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions).

Front

Where do the light-dependent reactions occur?

Back

The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts.

Front

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Back

Chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs light energy, primarily in the blue and red wavelengths, and plays a crucial role in converting light energy into chemical energy.

Front

What is ATP and its role in photosynthesis?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is an energy-carrying molecule that stores and provides energy for various cellular processes, including the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis.

Front

What is NADPH and its function in photosynthesis?

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NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is a reducing agent that provides the high-energy electrons needed for the reduction of carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle.

Front

What is the Calvin cycle?

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The Calvin cycle is a series of biochemical reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplasts, where carbon dioxide is fixed and converted into glucose.

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What is the significance of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?

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The electron transport chain is crucial for transferring electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I, leading to the production of ATP and NADPH.

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What is the primary product of the Calvin cycle?

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The primary product of the Calvin cycle is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), which can be used to form glucose and other carbohydrates.

Front

What is photolysis and its role in photosynthesis?

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Photolysis is the process of splitting water molecules using light energy, which provides electrons for the electron transport chain and releases oxygen as a byproduct.