Unit 8 Review

Front

What is the definition of a solid in terms of molecular arrangement?

Back

A solid is a state of matter characterized by closely packed molecules that vibrate in place, maintaining a definite shape and volume.

Front

In which region(s) of a phase diagram would a substance be a solid only?

Back

Region 1.

Front

What is the definition of activation energy?

Back

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Front

What is the energy of the activated complex in a reaction?

Back

The energy of the activated complex is the peak energy level that must be overcome for the reaction to proceed, which is 300 kJ in this case.

Front

In which region(s) of a phase diagram does temperature increase?

Back

Temperature increases in Region 1, 3, & 5.

Front

In which region(s) of a phase diagram does temperature remain constant?

Back

Temperature remains constant in Region 2 & 4.

Front

What is the formula to calculate activation energy?

Back

Activation Energy (Ea) = Energy of Activated Complex - Energy of Reactants.

Front

What is the significance of the activated complex in a chemical reaction?

Back

The activated complex represents a transient state during a reaction where old bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming.

Front

What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy?

Back

As temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the molecules also increases.

Front

What happens to the state of a substance when it reaches its melting point?

Back

At the melting point, a solid absorbs heat and begins to change into a liquid.