DNA & Replication

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life, composed of two strands forming a double helix.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is structured as a double helix, consisting of two long strands of nucleotides twisted around each other.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What base pairs with Adenine in DNA?

Back

Thymine (T) pairs with Adenine (A) in DNA.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What does semiconservative replication mean?

Back

Semiconservative replication means that each new DNA molecule consists of one original (parent) strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

What is the function of the hydrogen bonds in DNA?

Back

Hydrogen bonds hold the two strands of DNA together by connecting the nitrogenous bases.

Front

What is the significance of the 5-carbon sugar in DNA?

Back

The 5-carbon sugar in DNA, called deoxyribose, forms the backbone of the DNA structure.

Front

What is the role of phosphate groups in DNA?

Back

Phosphate groups link the sugar molecules in the DNA backbone, forming a strong structural framework.

Front

How does DNA replication begin?

Back

DNA replication begins with the unwinding of the double helix and the breaking of hydrogen bonds between base pairs.