Properties of Solutions Flashcard

Front

What is the dissolution rate of a solute?

Back

The dissolution rate of a solute is the speed at which it dissolves in a solvent, influenced by factors such as temperature, surface area, and stirring.

Front

How does temperature affect the dissolution rate of solids in liquids?

Back

Increasing the temperature generally increases the dissolution rate of solids in liquids because it provides more energy to break the solute's bonds.

Front

What is a saturated solution?

Back

A saturated solution is one in which the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved at a given temperature, and any additional solute will not dissolve.

Front

What is an unsaturated solution?

Back

An unsaturated solution is one that can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

Front

What is a supersaturated solution?

Back

A supersaturated solution contains more solute than can normally dissolve at a given temperature, often achieved by heating the solution and then cooling it.

Front

What role do intermolecular forces play in solubility?

Back

Intermolecular forces determine how well a solute dissolves in a solvent; stronger attractions between solute and solvent molecules lead to higher solubility.

Front

What is hydrogen bonding?

Back

Hydrogen bonding is a strong type of dipole-dipole attraction that occurs between molecules when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like oxygen or nitrogen.

Front

Why do water molecules have stronger intermolecular attractions than ammonia molecules?

Back

Water molecules have stronger intermolecular attractions due to more effective hydrogen bonding compared to ammonia, which has fewer hydrogen bonds.

Front

What is the effect of stirring on the dissolution rate?

Back

Stirring increases the dissolution rate by distributing the solute particles throughout the solvent, allowing more interactions between solute and solvent.

Front

What happens to the solubility of most solids as temperature increases?

Back

For most solids, solubility increases with temperature, allowing more solute to dissolve in the solvent.