Protein Synthesis-Final

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the role of sugar in a nucleotide?

Back

The sugar in a nucleotide forms the backbone of the DNA or RNA strand and connects to the phosphate group and nitrogenous base.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the process of protein synthesis?

Back

Protein synthesis is the process of making proteins based on the genetic code carried by mRNA, involving transcription and translation.

Front

What is rRNA?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a type of RNA that, along with proteins, makes up the ribosomes, which are the sites of protein synthesis.

Front

What is tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) is a type of RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the coded mRNA sequence.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which occurs in the nucleus.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process of decoding the mRNA sequence to build a polypeptide chain (protein) at the ribosome.

Front

What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What are the nitrogenous bases in RNA?

Back

The nitrogenous bases in RNA are adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).