DNA/RNA

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What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

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What are nucleotides?

Back

Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

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What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

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What is base pairing in DNA?

Back

Base pairing in DNA refers to the specific pairing of nitrogenous bases: Adenine pairs with Thymine, and Cytosine pairs with Guanine.

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What is the significance of complementary base pairing?

Back

Complementary base pairing ensures accurate DNA replication and transcription, allowing genetic information to be faithfully passed on.

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How does the amount of Adenine relate to Thymine in DNA?

Back

In a double-stranded DNA molecule, the amount of Adenine is always equal to the amount of Thymine.

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How does the amount of Guanine relate to Cytosine in DNA?

Back

In a double-stranded DNA molecule, the amount of Guanine is always equal to the amount of Cytosine.

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What is RNA?

Back

RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is a single-stranded molecule that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins and can act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA.

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What are the differences between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded, contains deoxyribose sugar, and has Thymine; RNA is single-stranded, contains ribose sugar, and has Uracil instead of Thymine.

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What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the information in a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence.