MI Unit 2 Review

Front

In gel electrophoresis, which direction does DNA move?

Back

DNA moves toward the positive electrode.

Front

What is a karyotype?

Back

A karyotype is a visual representation of an individual's chromosomes, used to identify chromosomal abnormalities.

Front

What are the steps in PCR?

Back

The correct order of steps in PCR is denaturation, annealing, extension.

Front

What is the purpose of the extension step in PCR?

Back

The purpose of the extension step is to allow polymerase to create the complementary strands of DNA.

Front

What type of bonds hold the two strands of DNA together?

Back

Hydrogen bonds hold the two strands of DNA together.

Front

What is the role of primers in PCR?

Back

Primers are short sequences of nucleotides that provide a starting point for DNA synthesis.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase in PCR?

Back

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is the significance of the denaturation step in PCR?

Back

Denaturation separates the double-stranded DNA into single strands by breaking hydrogen bonds.

Front

How does gel electrophoresis separate DNA fragments?

Back

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on their size; smaller fragments move faster through the gel.

Front

What is Down's Syndrome?

Back

Down's Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21, leading to developmental and physical challenges.