Physics and Energy Concepts

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Thermal Energy

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Another name for heat energy. Causes particles to vibrate more as they get hotter.

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Convection

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The transfer of heat energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas. Hot air rises, cool air sinks.

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Conduction

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When heat is transferred between objects when they are touching. This occurs in solids. Heat passes from particle to particle.

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Conductor

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A substance that allows the transfer of heat and or electricity.

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Insulator

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A material that does not allow heat or electrons to move through it easily.

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Examples of insulators

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Rubber, plastic, wood, glass and ceramics.

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Examples of conductors

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Copper, aluminium, gold, silver and salt water.

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Hot Air Balloons rise due to

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Air currents moving around because of convection.

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A wave

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A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place. It does not transfer matter.

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Mechanical wave

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A wave that requires a medium through which to travel, such as waves through a spring or through water.