Polarity and Geo Flashcard ACP

Front

What is polarity in molecules?

Back

Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond. A polar molecule has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds that do not cancel each other out.

Front

What determines if a molecule is polar or nonpolar?

Back

The polarity of a molecule is determined by its shape and the difference in electronegativity between the atoms. If the molecule has a symmetrical shape and the bonds are nonpolar or cancel out, it is nonpolar. If it has an asymmetrical shape or polar bonds that do not cancel, it is polar.

Front

What is the molecular geometry of H2S?

Back

The molecular geometry of H2S (hydrogen sulfide) is bent due to the two lone pairs of electrons on the sulfur atom.

Front

What is the molecular geometry of CO2?

Back

The molecular geometry of CO2 (carbon dioxide) is linear because the two double bonds between carbon and oxygen are arranged 180 degrees apart.

Front

What is the bond type of Br2?

Back

Br2 (bromine molecule) has a nonpolar covalent bond because it consists of two identical atoms sharing electrons equally.

Front

What is trigonal planar geometry?

Back

Trigonal planar geometry occurs when a central atom is bonded to three other atoms in a flat, triangular shape, with bond angles of 120 degrees.

Front

What is the difference between polar and nonpolar bonds?

Back

Polar bonds occur between atoms with different electronegativities, resulting in unequal sharing of electrons. Nonpolar bonds occur between atoms with similar electronegativities, resulting in equal sharing of electrons.

Front

What is the geometry of BF3?

Back

The geometry of BF3 (boron trifluoride) is trigonal planar.

Front

What is the significance of electronegativity in determining polarity?

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract shared electrons. A significant difference in electronegativity between two bonded atoms leads to a polar bond.

Front

What is a dipole moment?

Back

A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule, indicating its polarity.