AP Biology Unit 6 Review

Front

What type of operon is the lac (lactose) operon?

Back

Inducible operon: An operon that is usually off but can be turned on in the presence of a specific molecule (like lactose).

Front

What is the function of a repressor protein in gene regulation?

Back

A repressor protein binds to the operator region of an operon, blocking RNA polymerase from transcribing the genes.

Front

Which molecule binds to the promoter region to initiate transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase: The enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template.

Front

What is recombinant DNA?

Back

Recombinant DNA is DNA that contains genes from more than one organism, often created through genetic engineering.

Front

Which sugar is not a component of DNA nucleotides?

Back

Ribose sugar: DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, not ribose.

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA by unwinding the DNA and adding complementary RNA nucleotides.

Front

Define an operon in prokaryotic gene regulation.

Back

An operon is a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter, allowing coordinated regulation of gene expression.

Front

What is the difference between an inducible and repressible operon?

Back

Inducible operons are turned on by the presence of a substrate, while repressible operons are usually on and can be turned off by a product.

Front

What is the role of a corepressor in gene regulation?

Back

A corepressor is a small molecule that binds to a repressor protein, enabling it to bind to the operator and inhibit transcription.

Front

What are the components of a DNA nucleotide?

Back

A DNA nucleotide consists of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.