Cell Cycle Regulation

Front

What are proto-oncogenes?

Back

Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that regulate cell division and prevent the formation of tumors.

Front

How do proto-oncogenes contribute to cell cycle regulation?

Back

Proto-oncogenes regulate normal cell division and prevent the formation of tumors.

Front

What is the effect of mutations in proto-oncogenes?

Back

Mutations in proto-oncogenes can lead to uncontrolled cell division, contributing to the development of cancer.

Front

What happens if a cell fails to pass the G2 checkpoint?

Back

The cell will either enter G0 phase or undergo apoptosis.

Front

What are cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)?

Back

CDKs are enzymes that regulate the cell cycle.

Front

What is the role of cyclins in cell cycle regulation?

Back

Cyclins regulate the cell cycle by forming complexes with CDKs and promoting the progression of the cell cycle.

Front

What is the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

Back

The G1 phase is the first gap phase where the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication.

Front

What is the S phase of the cell cycle?

Back

The S phase is the synthesis phase where DNA is replicated.

Front

What is the M phase of the cell cycle?

Back

The M phase is the mitotic phase where the cell divides into two daughter cells.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.