Protein Synthesis Practice

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the corresponding codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is the function of DNA in protein synthesis?

Back

DNA contains the genetic instructions for the synthesis of proteins, serving as a template for transcription.

Front

What is transcription and where does it occur?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, and it occurs in the nucleus.

Front

What is translation and where does it occur?

Back

Translation is the process of decoding mRNA to synthesize proteins, and it occurs at the ribosome in the cytoplasm.

Front

Why is the nucleus important for transcription?

Back

The nucleus is where DNA is located, and transcription must occur there because DNA cannot leave the nucleus.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of creating RNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is a ribosome and its role in protein synthesis?

Back

A ribosome is a cellular structure that facilitates the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is mRNA and its function?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the significance of codons in mRNA?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify which amino acid will be added during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from the DNA template during transcription.