Fall Final Exam - The Basics

Front

What is the structure of RNA?

Back

RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid that plays a crucial role in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.

Front

What phase of mitosis is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids?

Back

Anaphase is the phase where sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Front

In a genetic cross of two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa), what is the expected proportion of heterozygous offspring?

Back

50% of the offspring are expected to be heterozygous (Aa).

Front

What organelle holds the DNA and controls the cell's activities?

Back

The nucleus is the organelle that contains the cell's genetic material and regulates cellular functions.

Front

What type of mutation is represented by the change from ATTTGAGCC to ATTGAGCC?

Back

This is an example of a Deletion - Frameshift mutation.

Front

What is the primary function of DNA?

Back

DNA stores genetic information and provides instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.

Front

What occurs during Telophase in mitosis?

Back

During Telophase, the chromosomes begin to de-condense, and the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

Front

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.